Cotton production business in Pakistan
planting area
Cotton is a pure cellulose fiber crop and one of the four major crops in my country. It is known as the “King of Cotton” and “White Gold”. It constitutes the major input of Pakistan’s textile industry.
Cotton production is an integral part of Pakistan’s economy. It is grown as a cash crop on 15 percent of the country’s land, according to analysis in a 2015 USDA Foreign Agricultural Service report. It grows during the monsoon months from May to August, known as the Kharif period. There are also small-scale cultivations between February and April.
Cotton is mainly grown in Punjab and Sindh provinces, the former accounting for 79% of the country’s cotton planting area, and the latter accounting for 20%. It is also grown in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) and Balochistan. The total area under cotton cultivation in 2014-15 was reported at 2.95 million hectares (7.3 million acres). In general, smallholders with less than 5 hectares (12 acres) make up the largest group of farmers;[9] farmers with less than 2 hectares (4.9 acres) make up 50 percent of the farms. Less than 2 percent of the 25-hectare (62-acre) farm is planted with cotton. According to 2013 estimates, there are 1.6 million cotton farmers (5 million in total across all sectors), cultivating over 3 million hectares. [9][1]
type
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton has been widely adopted by farmers since it was first tested in Sindh province in 2002. Currently in use in 95% of territories. The Punjab Seed Board has approved 18 Bt cotton and non-Bt varieties for cultivation. They are: 12 types of BT FH-114, CIM-598, SITARA-009, A-one, BH-167, MIAD-852, CIM-573, SLH-317, TARZAN-1, NS-141, IR- NIBGE – 3, MNH-886 and six non-BT varieties NIBGE-115, FH-941, FH-942, IR-1524, Ali Akbar-802 and Neelam-121. [10] In Sindh, where about 40% of the cotton area is Indus, local varieties are also grown. [11] They are usually planted from April to July and harvested from August to December. [2]
Cotton Production
Cotton is the backbone of the country’s industrial sector. [1] Cotton production was reported to be a record 15 million 470-pound bales of phati (raw cotton) in 2014-15. This is an 11% increase over the previous season (2013-14). Its impressive growth has increased from 1.38 million bales in 1961 to 11.138 million bales in 2014, with estimates for 2014-15 showing a further increase to 15 million bales. [12] The period of 1980-81 and 1990-91 saw a rapid increase in production from 700,000 tons to 2.2 million tons, known as the “magic years” of Pakistan’s cotton industry. This is attributed to improved pest control practices, use of improved seed varieties, and increased use of fertilizers. [13] Cotton spinning industry integration, 1,000 cotton ginning factories, 425 textile factories, 300 cottonseed crushing factories and oil crushing factories. . Cotton hybrids produced by crossing the Bt gene with traditional varieties have been produced by local seed companies. The area of cotton planted in Badin, Sukkur, Ghotki, Tharparkar, Thatta and Umarkot districts exceeds one million acres. [8]
Pakistan is the fourth largest cotton producer in the world in terms of production volume. The top three are followed by China, India and the United States. [14] As of 2012-13, Pakistan is the third largest exporter of raw cotton in the world. [2] It ranks fourth in terms of consumption (approximately 30% and 40% of its production). It is the largest exporter of cotton yarn. [1]
The quality of cotton grown in the country is average. Thus, imported long-staple cotton is produced for export as high-quality cloth. Mid-staple cotton, also known as standard mid-staple cotton, is an American upland cotton variety that varies in length from 0.51 to 1.30 inches (1.3-3.3 cm). Long-staple cotton has longer fibers, is more expensive, and is mainly used to make muslin, yarn, and socks. 15 The country’s economic development is highly dependent on the cotton industry and its related textile sector. , and gave cotton a major role in the country. [14] Besides its use in textiles in the form of cotton fiber, yarn, thread, cloth, and cloth, its seeds are also used for oil extraction. [8]
disease
Viruses and pests affect the yield of Bt cotton varieties. Cotton leafroll virus is a phytopathogenic virus of the Geminiviridae family that causes
