Some defintions of culture
Culture refers to the accumulation of knowledge, experiences, beliefs, values, attitudes, meanings, classifications, religion, concepts of time, people, spatial relationships, concepts of universe, objects and material goods acquired by a group of people. Do. The journey of generations through individual and collective efforts.
Culture is a system of knowledge shared by a relatively large group of people.
Culture is communication, communication is culture.
Culture in its broadest sense is cultivated behavior. It is the totality of a person’s learned and accumulated experience that is transmitted socially, or in short, behavior through social learning.
Culture is the way of life of a group of people:
the behaviors, beliefs, values and symbols that they accept, usually without thinking about it, and which are transmitted from one generation to another through communication. and imitation.
Culture is symbolic communication. Some of its characteristics include group skills, knowledge, attitudes, values and motivations. The meaning of symbols is deliberately learned and established in society through its institutions.
Culture is made up of models, explicit and implicit, and behaviors acquired and transmitted by symbols, which constitute the specific realization of human groups, including their embodiment in models;
The core of culture is made up of traditional ideas and especially the values associated with them. Cultural systems can be understood, on the one hand, as products of action, on the other hand, as effects conditioning subsequent action.
Culture is the set of learned behaviors of a group of people which is generally regarded as the tradition of that people and which is transmitted from generation to generation.
Culture is the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes members of one group or class of people from another.
cultural determinism theory
The ideas, meanings, beliefs and values that people learn as members of society determine human nature. People are what they learn. The optimistic version of cultural determinism places no restrictions on the abilities of human beings to do or do what they want. Some anthropologists suggest that there is no universal “right way” to be human. The “right way” is almost always “our way”. that “our way” in one society is almost always incompatible with “our way” in another society; The correct attitude of an informed person can only be one of tolerance.
The optimistic version of this theory posits that human nature is infinitely malleable so that humans can choose the life forms they prefer.
The pessimistic version holds that people are what they are conditioned to be. It’s something they have no control over. Humans are passive creatures and do what their culture tells them to do. This explanation leads to behaviorism which locates the causes of human behavior in a realm totally beyond human control.
cultural relativity
Different cultural groups think, feel and act differently. There is no scientific criterion for considering one group intrinsically superior or inferior to another. The study of cultural differences between groups and societies presents the status of cultural relativism. It does not mean normality for oneself or for society. However, this requires judgment when dealing with groups or companies other than your own. Knowledge of the nature of cultural differences between societies, their roots and their consequences must precede decision and action. Negotiations are more likely to succeed when the parties involved understand the reasons for the differing points of view.
cultural ethnocentrism
Ethnocentrism is the belief that one’s own culture is superior to other cultures. It is a form of reductionism that reduces the “other form” of life to a distorted version of itself. This is particularly important in the case of global issues when a company or individual is motivated by the idea that methods, materials or ideas that work in their own country will also work abroad. Therefore, environmental differences are ignored. Ethnocentrism, in relation to world affairs, can be classified as follows:
Important factors in business are overlooked due to an obsession with certain cause and effect relationships in one’s own country. It’s always a good idea to